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1. stable /'steɪb(ə)l/

adj. 稳定的

e.g. a stable job / income 稳定的工作/收入

e.g. After several part-time jobs, he's now got a stable job in a bank.

e.g. He seemed calm and emotionally stable. (情绪稳定的)

n. 马厩;马房

习语补充：

closed /shut the stable door after the horse has bolted 亡羊补牢

n. stability 稳定性

口语话题：what are the benefits of working for big companies?

A big company is less likely to downsize during major economic events like a recession. If you're raising a family, you might value this kind of stability.

2. layoff /'leɪɒf/

n. 通常指因工作岗位不足的解雇，裁员，下岗

e.g. The recent economic crisis has led to massive layoffs.

e.g. The company announced the layoff of several hundred employees.

短语动词：be laid off 解雇，使下岗

e.g. Large companies tend to be stable. The odds are pretty good that your position won’t suddenly disappear one morning. And, even if it does, there’s also a good chance that you’ll get a severance package if you are laid off.

补充： 

severance package 离职补偿金; 遣散费;

The odds are good that =it is likely that ….

3. advancement 

n. 提升；晋升

e.g. There are good opportunities for advancement within the company.

e.g. The job offers many opportunities for professional advancement.

syn.

promotion 晋升  raise 涨薪；提薪 

口语话题：what are the disadvantages of working in small companies?

e.g. Advancement is not easy. Small companies don’t usually have a list of accomplishments you have to achieve before you get a promotion or even a raise.

4. monotonous /mə'nɒt(ə)nəs/

adj. 单调的；毫无变化的

e.g. monotonous job 无聊乏味的工作

e.g. The teacher's low monotonous voice almost put me to sleep.

e.g. Days were long, arduous, and monotonous.

补充：arduous 艰辛的；困难的

口语话题：why do people like to live in the cities?

e.g. Life in the countryside is monotonous and tedious and there is nothing much going on.

5. backbreaking /'bæk,breɪkɪŋ/

adj. 繁重的；累人的

e.g. They endured hours of backbreaking work in miserable conditions.

e.g. Technological developments can lift people out of the backbreaking toil.

antonym: cushy 轻松愉快的;安逸的;不费劲的

e.g. what I am looking for is a nine-to-fine cushy job.

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